History of Ocean Research in Kiel
The British “Challenger” Expedition (1872-76) is usually considered to have marked the start of modern ocean sciences. Properties of the ocean from surface temperatures to features of the deep sea bottom were first determined during that voyage round the world.
At the same time marine sciences had been established in Kiel already. Scientists like Victor Hensen or Karl Möbius established a tradition which in the course of the past 150 years has lead to fundamental insights into the physical, chemical, biological or geological conditions of the oceans. The Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research is based on this tradition.
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